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LTL vs. FTL Shipping

LTL vs. FTL Shipping plays a crucial role in freight management, helping businesses choose the most efficient way to move goods. Whether you’re a small business, manufacturer, or logistics provider, understanding the differences between LTL vs. FTL shipping can save costs, improve efficiency, and protect your shipments.

This blog will break down the differences, benefits, and best use cases for LTL shipping and FTL shipping, helping you make informed decisions for your business.

What is LTL (Less Than Truckload) Shipping?

LTL, or Less Than Truckload shipping, allows multiple businesses to share space in a single truck for smaller shipments. It works best for loads under 10,000 pounds or fewer than six pallets. By combining shipments from different companies, LTL reduces shipping costs since shippers split the transportation fees. This method is ideal for businesses that don’t need a full trailer but want to cut freight expenses. However, because the truck makes multiple stops and goods transfer between terminals, delivery times are longer, and the risk of damage increases slightly. LTL fits smaller businesses, e-commerce retailers, and those shipping frequent, low-volume loads.

LTL shipping
LTL shipping

What is FTL (Full Truckload) Shipping?

FTL, or Full Truckload shipping, moves a single shipment in an entire truck, even when the space isn’t fully used. It suits large shipments over 10,000 pounds or high-volume freight. Since the truck only carries one load, it travels directly from the pickup to the delivery point, reducing delays. FTL minimizes handling, lowering the risk of damage and improving shipment security. It’s faster than LTL, making it ideal for time-sensitive deliveries or fragile goods. Though FTL costs more upfront, it’s cost-effective for bulk shipments or when delivery speed matters.

FTL shipping
FTL shipping

Key Differences Between LTL vs. FTL Shipping

FactorLTL (Less Than Truckload)FTL (Full Truckload)
Shipment SizeSmall shipments, typically under 10,000 lbs (less than 6 pallets)Large shipments, typically over 10,000 lbs (6+ pallets)
CostLower cost for smaller shipmentsHigher but cost-effective for bulk
SpeedSlowe due to multiple stopsFaster, direct delivery
HandlingMore handing, multiple load/ unloadLess handling, direct shipment
Risk of DamageHigher due to frequent handing and multiple shipments in one truckLower due to minimal handing and a dedicated shipment
SecurityLower security due to multiple stopsHigher security, minimal handing
Best Use CaseSmall shipments, cost-saving needsLarge shipments, fragile items
FlexibilityMore flexible for small, frequent shipmentsLess flexible, better for planned large shipments
Environmental ImpactMore eco-friendly as it consolidates multiple shipments into one truckLess eco-friendly as a full truck may not be completely loaded
Transit TimeLonger due to shared deliveries and terminals transfersShorter due to direct transportation from point A to B
Freight Class RequirementFreight class required, affecting cost and handling instructionsNo freight class needed, simpler pricing model
Pricing StructureComplex pricing based on freight class, weight, and distanceSimpler pricing based on distance and truck capacity
Booking AvailabilityEasier to book for smaller shipments, but can have limited spaceNeeds more planning but guarantees the entire truck capacity

Key Takeaways Based on the Table

Use LTL when you have smaller shipments, want to save money, and delivery speed isn’t critical.

Use FTL when you need faster, more secure delivery with minimal handling, especially for fragile or bulk items.

When to Use LTL vs. FTL?

When to Use LTL (Less Than Truckload) Shipping?

LTL shipping works best when you have a smaller shipment that doesn’t require a full truck. It’s cost-effective since you share the truck with other shippers, paying only for the space you use.

Example:
Imagine you own a small candle business and need to ship 200 candles to multiple retail stores across the country. Since your shipment takes up just a few pallets and doesn’t fill an entire truck, LTL would be ideal. It helps you save money by sharing the truck space with other businesses while still getting your products delivered.

Use LTL When:

  • Shipping a few pallets or boxes.
  • Your shipment weighs less than 10,000 pounds.
  • Cost savings are more important than speed.
  • You can allow for slightly longer delivery times.

When to Use FTL (Full Truckload) Shipping?

FTL shipping is the right choice when you have a larger shipment or need faster, more secure delivery. The entire truck is reserved for your freight, ensuring direct transportation with minimal handling.

Example:
You’re a furniture manufacturer shipping 30 dining tables to a warehouse. The tables are bulky, fragile, and need to arrive quickly for a big sales event. Since the shipment requires most of the truck’s space and faster delivery, FTL would be the best option. Your shipment travels directly to its destination without extra stops, minimizing damage risk.

Use FTL When:

  • Shipping large or bulk goods over 10,000 pounds.
  • Your shipment needs the entire truck space.
  • Speed and direct delivery are priorities.
  • The goods are fragile or high-value and need minimal handling

Making the Right Choice Between LTL and FTL Shipping for Your Business

Both LTL shipping and FTL shipping offer unique benefits depending on your shipment size, budget, and urgency. Carefully consider your shipping needs to choose the most efficient option for your logistics strategy.

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